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系统性红斑狼疮,索命的“蝴蝶样腮红”

2024-01-04 / 1921 / 0
一、系统性红斑狼疮 系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)是一种经典的系统性自身免疫性疾病,本病好发于生育年龄女性,女:男为 7~9:1。其病因较为复杂,与环境、感染及免疫异常等因素有关。   根据SLE临床特征,其与中医学“阴阳毒”、“温毒发斑”、“蝶疮流注”“周痹”的病症描述相似,尤以“阴阳毒”与SLE更为贴近。 “阴阳毒”之病名见于张仲景《金匮要略·百合狐惑阴阳毒病脉证治》,曰:“阳毒之为病,面赤斑斑如锦纹,咽喉痛,唾脓血。 五日可治,七日不可治,升麻鳖甲汤主之。阴毒之为病,面目青,身痛如被杖,咽喉痛。五日可治,七日不可治,升麻鳖甲汤去雄黄、蜀椒主之”,所述表现与SLE典型症状如蝶形红斑、关节疼痛、雷诺现象 (手足冷)、咽喉疼痛等契合。   二、病因病机 该病的发病机制主要与遗传、性激素水平、环境以及淋巴细胞功能亢进、细胞因子网络等免疫学因素异常有关,患者血清中常出现大量自身抗体,尤以抗核抗体为代表。研究发现,感染为SLE的主要死因,SLE引起的脓毒症与感染性休克及短期死亡风险升高密切相关。 中医说病机: SLE病情复杂,临床表现多样,但病机核心不外乎先天本虚加之外受热毒,进而燔灼耗津、伤络致瘀。实际临床诊疗中圆机活法,紧扣“毒、热、瘀”三个病理关键,兼顾培补肾元。[2]   三、好发人群特征... Continue reading

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